Experience and future
1993
World speed record with Bertone ZER (309 km/h)
Over the years, electric cars of all sorts (Fiat 500, French supercar, Maserati transaxle, etc..)
2002
Hybrid and full electric systems for military midget submarines (tens of units)
2011
Hybrid systems for ZF Marine (sailboats) over 100 units sold
Since 2015
Batteries and EVs start taking off
1998 – Today
DD motors for light transit (Phase design, Siemens brand)
2015
Chinese State buys out Phase China to install large scale EV motor production
Phase Italy becomes tech and design center for next generation EV motor and drive, SiC based.
2018
Phase-China cooperation to develop 15,000 rpm EV transmission for next generation BJEV vehicle
2019
Phase starts development of high power density SiC MCUs with STuelectronics devices together with Nottingham University
Battery and cell technology and manufacturing
The new frontier
Since 2016
Phase recognizes the strategic importance of Li-Ion cell manufacturing and integration for the European industry and starts a specific R&D development investment with aim of manufacturing initially batteries and eventually cells and systems.
2017
From early 2017, Phase starts Research programs with University of Genoa on cell chemistry and regeneration.
2017
Phase starts development of own battery systems based on integration of 1865 battery cells
Product development: high power battery chargers for Moto-E and Formula-E competition, with 60 kWh storage inside (LG cells, Phase battery integration)
Ongoing
Bidirectional power battery to network interface for Enel-X.
5 patents applied on cell regeneration intrinsic safety, High density cooling, , bms technology, AC interface.
Future?
New tech Phase pat. design
Suitable for regeneration and large storage systems (50 Ah cells, 10 kWh to 10 MWh) Production start 2022.
Technology initially NCM lithium 8-1-1, intrinsic safety, liquid cooled.
Phase is planning a specialized battery cell production plant.
Why?
To decarbonize the EU economy, up to 4000 GWh storage capacity will be needed by 2050 for renewables and transport.
The world 2025 capacity in construction is 1265 GWh – currently less than 3% in the EU, 90% in Far East.
Technology, cost & manufacturing landscape
The Li-ion cell market for automotive applications will grow to ~1.250 GWh in 2025, with dominance of CATL as the biggest Chinese player and LG Chem as the biggest player in the rest of the world.
*RoW here refers to European plus North American market
KEY-FINDINGS
- According to the P3 CO2 compliance evaluation a rapid market growth of the lithium-ion cell market is expected until 2025 (CAGR: 35 %).
- The Chinese market will be dominated by CATL, whereas LG Chem is expected to dominate the remaining global market.
- Panasonic reaches a strong position through its close collaboration with Tesla.
- LG Chem is expected to stick with pouch cells, while CATL and SDI follow their strength in prismatic cells; Panasonic focusses further on cylindrical cells for Tesla.
RoW dominated by
LG CHEM’s Pouch cells.
~50 % market share
CHINA dominated by
CATL’s prismatic cells.
~50 % market share
Source: Based on P3 CO2 compliance model and constant partnerships/supplier relations until 2025.
Established cell manufacturers are building new production capacities in Europe to meet demand & needs.
Market opportunities arise from supply/demand discrepancies.
Source: Based on P3 CO2 compliance model and constant partnerships/supplier relations until 2025.
Project Target
Creation of first and only advanced Lithium cell and battery manufacturing facility in Italy or UK.
Targeted market: electric mobility for sea, land and air transport, energy storage.
Creation of first and only advanced Lithium cell and battery manufacturing facility in Italy or UK.
Initial market: large storage systems for hybrid ships (10-20 MWh/system).
Cell manufacturing facility (pouch type) + battery integration facility (system control, safety certified BMS and integration).
Initial production capacity 100 MWh/year.
Focus technology: NCM 8-1-1 Lithium ion with liquid cooling, improved safety (intrinsic quenching) and regeneration capacity (Phase pat. pend.) target 260 Wh/kg, 1000 cycles+, C4 capable.
Next generation in 4-5 years: all solid state battery, intrinsically safe, >400 Wh/kg
PMC battery cell technology for high capacity/power stacks
(multiple pat. pend.)
| Cell size | 200x100x11 mm |
| Capacity | 50,8 Ah |
| Max current | 250 A |
| Internal resistance | 0,35 mOhm |
| Nominal voltage | 3,7 V |
| Energy | 188 Whr |
| Mass | 710 grams |
| Volume | 0,22 dm3 |
| Specific energy | 264 Wh/kg |
| Volumetric efficiency | 856 Wh/dm3 |
| Density | 3,23 kg/dm3 |
| Loss at 3C discharge, 20C | 12 watt |
| Lateral thermal impedance | 0,07 C/watt |
| Cell heat capacity | 1054 J/C |
Intrinsically safe NCM 811 cell with built in BMS (6 patents pending) designed for fluid cooling/thermal conditioning and high voltage stacking.
PMC battery cell technology for high capacity/power stacks
Cells are stacked with perimetral gaskets and are immersed in cooling fluid (Shell TM) with 3 functions:
SAFETY
reverse venting with cell flooding (Phase pat.)
HEATING /COOLING
by fluid flow path integrated in the pouch (Phase pat.)
PRESSURE
on pouch without spring system
|
Integrated battery data (1m. 15,7 kWh stack) |
|
| Mass |
68,7 kg |
| Energy density |
229 kWh/kg (inclusive of cooling circuit) |
| Resulting battery data | |
| Stackable to 1000 Vdc | |
| Stack size | 140x240xh |
| Voltage | 310 V/m |
| Energy | 15,7 kWh/m |
| Coolant flow at 2C DT | 3 liter/min*kWh |
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